But they could also order condoms. The Library of Congress says that time was "marked by a number of conflicts and tragedies" for her. There were fewer people, fewer supplies, fewer railroads, and a lot of battles close at hand. The Gunpowder Plot failed, but the English Civil War would later claim the life of a king. They might also have to leave their friends behind if forced to flee with their masters from the encroaching Union army. Services, The English Civil War: Summary, Causes, Effects & Timeline, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. This left all the backbreaking plantation work to the women. When President Lincoln invited her to the White House, she pulled a Rosa Parks 90 years early and defiantly rode in whites-only streetcars. His father was a lawyer and small landowner who had fought on the Parliamentarian side during the English Civil Wars of the 1640s. And during the Civil War, domestic duties like cooking and laundry were still a necessity, so women came along to do them. History reports they answered the call by the thousands. They also had to get their husband's body home, which was a complicated process. And these jobs really helped soldiers out on the battlefield. Ancestry reports a laundress (who the Union army required to be of "good moral character") earned around $40 a month for hand-washing uniforms. The English Civil War started in 1642 when Charles I raised his royal standard in Nottingham. The Siege of Chester occurred over a 16 month period between September 1644 and February 1646 during the First English Civil War.In the engagement, Sir William Brereton and the Parliamentarians were ultimately successful in taking possession of the city and Royalist garrison commanded by Lord Byron. It began in England in 1642 and lasted for 9 years. Life in the South during the Civil War was even more difficult than in the North. Once recruited officially as a spy, she ran a whole network with the help of her servant, Mary Bowser. It didn't help that half her family was fighting, and dying, for the Southern cause. That's especially true for a war where a country has been ripped in half, and a woman might live on one side but support the other. The Army, furious that Parliament continued to countenance Charles as a ruler, then marched on Parliament and conducted "Pride's Purge" (named after the commanding officer of the operation, Thomas Pride) in December 1648. Life during the Civil War Most people during the Civil War were not involved with it and chose not to fight for either side. They got to take part in the public sphere, voice their opinions about stuff, and do things men used to. Yeah, she was only a teenager, but she still managed to get important information to General Stonewall Jackson and was arrested by Union troops numerous times. In the government, many of the Royalist were either killed or exiled. Personal correspondence often illustrates the importance of familial relationships and the concern of husbands for wives, and vice versa, leading up to and during a war. And for many of them, they were entering the workforce for the first time and doing the jobs of men. However, just because a woman was in a position of influence, that doesn't mean everything was sunshine and roses. She would gather information and send coded messages to Union officers in invisible ink. Only four states had formal relief agencies, and there was no national organization for the Confederacy. According to Case Western Reserve University, soldiers sent away for racy literature and pictures. "The conflict ripped Spain apart," according to Smithsonian. She also lost her 11-year-old son to typhoid fever in the middle of the conflict, which sent her into a deep depression. She was so involved that Jefferson Davis "was heavily criticized for allowing Varina to engage in the political conversations, and in some instances, even help make important decisions.". But white women managed to make it work, mostly. Union nurses were paid 40 cents a day, and they had to work at least three months. All rights reserved. Rather than support Montrose, Charles decided to ally with the Scottish Covenantors. Many women did jobs in exchange for enough food to eat. Two lessons, one that looks at the types of soldiers who fought in the Civil War and the other that looks at the impact of the war on the lives of ordinary people using the famous painting by W. F. Yeames alongside various worksheets, includes a written and role play task on the image. Instead, they spent their time gathering supplies for the troops and working as activists and nurses. Those who still supported Charles's place on the throne, such as the army leader and moderate Fairfax, tried again to negotiate with him. In one bizarre instance, a female prison guard disguised as a man found herself in charge of a woman who was in jail for impersonating a male soldier. As Charles’ forces were largely … The war tore families apart. But there were less well-known spies, as well. The Civil War was a difficult time for many Americans, especially those who were living in the North, but had family in the South. The men of the Union army "terrorized" white women they came across, which included sexual assault. All armed conflicts bring casualties. Charles I - Charles I - Civil War: In September 1642 the earl of Essex, in command of the Parliamentarian forces, left London for the midlands, while Charles moved his headquarters to Shrewsbury to recruit and train an army on the Welsh marches. Overview: Civil War and Revolution 1603 - 1714. The Union alone had 183,000 recorded cases of STDs, and you have to assume there were lots of men who didn't seek medical attention or died before they could. Also, most of the war took place in the South. But more and more men went to fight over the years, and soon, women were needed for other jobs, like working in offices or for the government. Rather than stay at home and deal with the difficulties there alone, worrying about if their spouse was dead or alive, these ladies decided to do their patriotic duty and join them. If you wanted relative safety or couldn't afford to feed yourself, following the army was your best bet. Prostitutes were a huge part of the Civil War (as seen in Gone with the Wind), but they probably got left out of your high school history book for some reason. According to New Georgia Encyclopedia, wealthy women saw a lot of the same opportunities that Northern women had, thanks to the war. Where did the Battle of Marston Moor take... Who were the Royalists in the English Civil... What was the last battle of the English Civil... What were the effects of the English Civil War? Women in his path evacuated by the thousands. They were named after the Spanish horsemen. Historians estimate that at least 7% of the whole population perished. A Civil War-era encampment was not known for its wide open spaces and fresh air. And everyone expected them to treat their husband's memory as sacrosanct. Their homes were burned. They would shame pacifist men into joining the army, and single women swore they would only marry men who served. (She was denied a pension for her spy work, because people suck.) How long did the Battle of Edgehill last? Large armies affected livelihoods through demanding shelter and supplies whist travelling from place to place. Mary Todd Lincoln didn't have it easy during the war. Like any war, the English Civil War affected families by the deaths of thousands of young men who were husbands, fathers, and sons. She replied, "I wanted to do my part, same as you." Once you have finished reading all of the letters, use the information to respond to the questions provided on your "Life of a Civil War Soldier" handout. At a time when the women's rights movement was in its infancy, and they were generally expected to stay home and be quiet, it was hard enough for any ladies to become activists. divided the country and families. She was a famous society hostess, and when important people would come to her parties, she'd get them chatting, then send any relevant information to General P.G.T. Books like Nicholas MacDowell’s The English Radical Imagination: Culture, Religion and Revolution, 1630-1660 (Oxford University Press, 2003) have stimulated historians’ interest in the relationship between elite and radical culture, making us ever more aware of the links between them. And then there was Belle Boyd (pictured). Phoebe Pember ran the South's largest medical facility, Chimborazo Hospital, while Sally Tompkins paid for a 22-bed hospital with her own money. Like his father, James I, he believed in the “divine right of kings.” This meant that kings were chosen by God, so their authority could not be challenged by anyone on Earth. Confederate President Jefferson Davis said her information was the reason the South won the First Battle of Bull Run. Greenhow's devotion killed her in 1864, when she drowned, weighed down by the gold in her pockets meant to fund the Confederates. Free. Click the button below to download this worksheet for use in the classroom or at home. The Union had blockaded many of the ports of the South, causing shortages of food and other items that people needed. While one female soldier's cover was blown shortly after she was promoted to sergeant because she gave birth, women were most often found out when they needed medical attention. There wasn't much of a to-do when they were. She was also a very effective nurse, since she knew lots of folk remedies from her childhood. Includes 5 activities aimed at students 11-14 years old (KS3) & 5 activities aimed at students 14-16 year old (GCSE). They got away with it because the physical exam to join was more concerned with their teeth and ability to hold a musket than their genitals. That didn't stop them, though. The rate of venereal disease in soldiers who passed through declined sharply, and a post-war report called the scheme a success that didn't "encourage vice" but just prevented the "worst consequences. Life Before the Civil War. Prostitutes in Nashville and Memphis had to be licensed, have regular medical exams, and seek treatment if they got an STD. And then, of course, she constantly had to worry about her relatives and loved ones dying in battle. If the Union army came close to their plantation, their chances of escape were much greater. But then men, especially poorer men who were working in these fields, went to go fight the war. Women did plenty of spying during the Civil War. Harriet Tubman is, of course, most famous for her incredible actions on the Underground Railroad. Imagine sitting in class one day when another teacher runs in and says that nobody should follow the principal's orders any more because they're fighting back against the people in charge. Childhood was dramatically affected by the onset of war. Living in these areas would have a big variety of means and characteristics. What Life Was Really Like For Women During The Civil War, According to Case Western Reserve University. Life was tough. The split between Charles and Parliament was such that neither side was willing to back down over the principles that they held and war was inevitable … Fortunately, the Union army had a solution: official government-sanctioned brothels. How did the Battle of Marston Moor start? The 16th century witnessed a surge in population, which had a negative impact on living standards and led to an increase in poverty and hunger. Some of your friends decide to be loyal to the principal, while others want to be in charge of themselves. In more rural areas of the North, women took over managing their farms when the men left. And now, there was no way to support them. The venereal disease situation was so bad that military leaders thought it "threatened military readiness." It's estimated anywhere from 400 to 1,000 women joined up secretly (it's obviously impossible to know for sure). According to Essential Civil War Curriculum, the North had huge advantages over the South at the start of the war, namely that the top half of the country actually had factories and other manufacturing and businesses. Who was the king during the English Civil War? I am wondering what was life like in the civil war for middle class people and below. Download Life During the English Civil War. According to Encyclopedia Virginia, once the conflict started, enslaved men would be taken from their homes to build military fortifications, work for Confederate officers, or sent to factories. The South was behind in nursing, as in most things, compared to the North. English Civil War Soldiers Facts & Worksheets English Civil War Soldiers facts and information activity worksheet pack and fact file. In the decade-and-a-half prior to the Civil War, the United States saw dramatic changes in industrialization in the North, and a rapid increase in transportation (rail and steamship) all over the country. But the war gave women responsibility and independence they never had before. That left women (and sometimes children) to take their places. The war also caused the price of slaves to skyrocket, so there was a greater chance they would see their children sold and families broken up. It took little time for an army to alter a landscape by the sheer mass of its presence. They were supposed to mourn for two and a half years, which meant staying single for at least that long. A life of poverty. Charles's secret pacts and encouragement of supporters to break their parole caused Parliament to debate whether to return the King to power at all. So yeah, even though she was on the wrong side, you've got to admire her moxie. Sure, there were exceptions, but in general, Northern women left at home didn't have to worry about violence on their doorstep. Despite the Emancipation Proclamation, slaves were still enslaved, and the vast majority didn't want to be, for obvious reasons. Then Sherman came. The Northern home front had one major benefit over the South during the Civil War: Most of the battles were fought far away. The English Civil War: Failure of the Monarchy & Rise of Theocracy, The English Civil War and Failure of Charles' Monarchy, The English Civil War and the Rise of Cromwell's Theocracy, The Stuart Period in England: Events and Timeline, The English Reformation: History and Timeline, The Glorious Revolution of 1688: Events and Significance, The Rise of the Dutch Republic & Their Golden Age: History & Timeline, The Thirty Years' War & the Peace of Westphalia: Summary & Significance, Queen Elizabeth I and England's Golden Age, The British Enclosure Movement: Definition & Overview, The French Revolution of 1848: History, Causes & Events, The French Wars of Religion: Catholics vs. the Huguenots, Maggie, a Girl of the Streets: Summary, Themes & Analysis, The Commercial Revolution: Economic Impact of Exploration and Colonization on Europe, Colonial Mercantilism: Definition, History & Effects, The Causes of the French Revolution: Economic & Social Conditions, Causes of the American Revolution: Events & Turning Points, The Scientific Revolution: Definition, History, Causes & Leaders, Peter the Great & the Westernization of Russia: Facts & History, CLEP Western Civilization I: Study Guide & Test Prep, Western Civilization I: Certificate Program, History 100: Western Civilization from Prehistory to Post-WWII, English 103: Analyzing and Interpreting Literature, Environmental Science 101: Environment and Humanity, Psychology 105: Research Methods in Psychology, Biological and Biomedical Like the private diaries of the Tennesseans mentioned above, personal letters reveal much about life during the Civil War. Any time a war is fought on a country's soil, the home front becomes a battlefield, and all the regular complications are magnified. Sojourner Truth was already a famous abolitionist and women's rights advocate by the time the war rolled around. But it seems lots of men didn't get their hands on condoms, or they didn't work very well, because STDs were rampant. According to Essential Civil War Curriculum, the conflict "created an unprecedented number of young white widows." The Spanish Civil War was anything but civil. The Ohio State University reports she was never far from her husband's side during the war, in case he wanted to discuss how it was going, which he often did. English Civil Wars Quick Facts Topic Eighty-six: Civil War Civilian Life Reading Articles and Essay Starters AN INTRODUCTION AND ESSAY STARTERS 19th Century America was actually a divided country. 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