The first Dutch Colony in Africa was established in Ghana in the 16th century, commonly referred to as the Dutch Gold Coast, where they exploited mainly gold and slaves. The Netherlands is a representative parliamentary democracy organised as a unitary state. The legislature of the Kingdom consists of the States General of the Netherlands and the Government. The Monarch is represented in Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten by a governor. Less popular than other islands Saba has rich tropical forests and beautiful diving areas. English is an official language in, The Prime Minister of the Netherlands is referred to as "Our Prime Minister, in his capacity as chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom" (, .bq is designated, but not in use, for the, Not to be confused with the constituent country the, The population statistics of the Central Bureau of Statistics for the Netherlands do not include the Caribbean Netherlands (. Language: English Français; English; Currency: EUR € EUR € GBP £ USD $ Sign in. Gesproken wordt van een quasi-, dan wel pseudo-federatie of van een constructie, "Een poging om de structuur van het Koninkrijk samen te vatten leidt tot de volgende omschrijving: een vrijwillig samengaan van autonome landen in een boven die landen geplaatst soeverein Koninkrijk, waarbij de organen van het Koninkrijk grotendeels samenvallen met die van het grootste land, op het niveau van het Koninkrijk slechts enkele taken worden verricht en vanwege het Koninkrijk een beperkte invloed kan worden uitgeoefend op het autonome bestuur in de kleinere landen", in: C. Borman (2005), "associatie van landen die trekken heeft van een federatie (Bondsstaat), maar wel een eigensoortige", in: C. A. J. M. Kortmann (2005), "Treaty Establishing the EEC – Protocol on the Application of the Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community to the Non-European Parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, "The provisions of Part Four of the Treaty were applied to Surinam, by virtue of a Supplementary Act of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to complete its instrument of ratification, from 1 September 1962 to 16 July 1976. This is because EU countries are obliged to treat goods from these territories the same as goods coming from outside the EU. Despite being of a sui generis constitutional nature, some other states have similar properties. - Rijksoverheid.nl", "Monetary, Safety Law BES islands approved islands", "31.954, Wet openbare lichamen Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba", "Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles: Political relations within the Kingdom of the Netherlands", Instellingsbesluit raad voor Koninkrijksrelaties, Schurende rechtsordes: over juridische implicates van de UPG-status voor de eilandgebieden van de Nederlandse Antillen en Aruba, mandated by the Dutch State Secretary for Kingdom Relations, Dennis Richardson voorgedragen voor Raad van State, Nr. Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten regulate the governance of their respective countries, but are subordinate to the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Newsletter Subscription Related articles . At its apex the colonies spanned four continents: Europe, North America, Africa and Asia. The Antillean government was non-committal; the same held for the Surinamese Sedney cabinet (1969–1973). It’s most prominent feature is the Rock of Gibraltar which is a large rock which dominates the entrance to the Mediterranian Sea. In January 1986, Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles, becoming a constituent country of the Kingdom in its own right. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium Dutch Saint Martin de la plus haute qualité. By the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands, as enacted in 1954, a composite state was created (also known as the "Tripartite Kingdom of the Netherlands"), consisting of the Netherlands (mainland), Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles. Social security, for example, is not on the same level as it is in the Netherlands proper. In March 1815, amidst the turmoil of the Hundred Days, the Sovereign Prince William of Orange and Nassau adopted the style of "King of the Netherlands". Technically speaking, all of the overseas parts of France are considered an integral part of France. Its confederal characteristics include the fact that the Charter can only be amended by consensus among the constituent countries. Initially serving on temporary labour contracts as officials, sailors, and soldiers, soon Germans began to stay in the Dutch overseas territories for good. [38], Outside the Kingdom of the Netherlands, "Netherlands" is used as the English short-form name to describe the Kingdom of the Netherlands. This animated map series covers Europe’s colonial expansion between 1820 and 1939 including the colonization of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. It includes not only land and territorial waters but also Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ), which extend up to 200 nautical miles (370 kilometres) off a country’s coast. In these cases the Netherlands, the jurisdiction ruled directly by the Constitution for the Kingdom of the Netherlands, acts alone, according to its constitution and in its capacity as the Kingdom of the Netherlands. But you mispelled Monserrat. The legacy of the Dutch empire continues to … Though the influence of the islands in Kingdom affairs is limited, it certainly exists. In 1830, Belgium seceded from the Kingdom, a step that was recognised by the Netherlands only in 1839 in the Treaty of London. Before the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands was proclaimed in 1954, Suriname, Netherlands New Guinea, and the Netherlands Antilles, (formerly, Kolonie Curaçao en Onderhorige Eilanden, "Colony of Curaçao and subordinates") were colonies of the Netherlands. The British Overseas Territories (BOTs), also known as United Kingdom Overseas Territories (UKOTs), are fourteen territories all with a constitutional and historical link with the United Kingdom. The Kingdom of the Netherlands covers a total area of 42,531 km2 (16,421 sq mi); and a land area of 34,467 km2 (13,308 sq mi). Level 80. His predecessors had tried to unite the loosely connected territories. The Leeward Islands (Saba, Sint Eustatius and Sint Maarten) are all of volcanic origin and hilly, leaving little ground suitable for agriculture. This is because EU countries are obliged to treat goods from these territories the same as goods coming from outside the EU. Changes in the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands can only be made when all constituent countries agree. "[21] The imperative formulation was the result of an amendment in the Chamber of Representatives by special delegates Evelyna Wever-Croes and J.E. As very accomplished navigators and explorers, the Dutch dominated trade and controlled many distant territories from the 17th to 20th centuries. Tropical islands Aruba and Netherlands Antilles are overseas dependencies (Dutch: landen en gebiedsdelen overzee) of the Netherlands, nominally the same as that of the provinces. It has the Antillean Guilder as its currency. Define Dutch Overseas Territories. Until its dissolution in 2010, the islands had formed the Netherlands Antilles, with the exception of Aruba, which left the grouping in 1986. About one quarter of the Netherlands lies below sea level, as much land has been reclaimed from the sea. [j] The Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands also shortens "Kingdom of the Netherlands" to "Kingdom" rather than to "Netherlands".[21]. Europe's overseas territories: What you need to know. The Netherlands' current borders have never been cemented in time. The Kingdom of the Netherlands currently consists of four constituent countries: the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten. The Governor of Aruba is Alfonso Boekhoudt, and the Prime Minister is Evelyn Wever-Croes. A few extra type-ins for many of these answers would be nice, but otherwise fine quiz. Netherlands Antilles facts: Official web sites of Nederlandse Antillen, links and information on Dutch Caribbean art, culture, geography, history, travel and tourism, cities, the capital city, airport, embassies, tourist boards and newspapers. Since that date, Dutch legislation slowly replaced Netherlands Antilles laws. All of the territories with a population has a degree of self-governance with an elected legislature, however, they are still subject to the laws of the United Kingdom. Maarten. Dutch part was located in the Northern part of the island (34 sq. The Dutch were among the European groups that established several colonies across the world during the colonial era. The northern half of the island is the French Collectivity of Saint Martin. According to the Charter, Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles could each alter its "Basic Law" (Staatsregeling). There's more to France than simple than the land between Spain and Germany. Suriname has since become an independent republic, and the Netherlands Antilles was divided into six. The Dutch name that is commonly used is Nederland, which is a singular form, whereas the official Dutch name Koninkrijk der Nederlanden like the English "(Kingdom of the) Netherlands", uses the plural form. De très nombreux exemples de phrases traduites contenant "Dutch overseas territories" – Dictionnaire français-anglais et moteur de recherche de traductions françaises. Dutch overseas territories. Netherlands Antilles facts: Official web sites of Nederlandse Antillen, links and information on Dutch Caribbean art, culture, geography, history, travel and tourism, cities, the capital city, airport, embassies, tourist boards and newspapers. The UK's mainland consists of the island of Great Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales) and Northern Ireland. Dikes were erected to protect the land from flooding. The map has been produced in detail to show the physical features of the area and would look stunning if framed. In that year the Netherlands regained its independence from France under its First French Empire, which had annexed its northern neighbour in 1810, as the Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands. [35] The Convention on the association of the Netherlands Antilles with the European Economic Community entered into force on 1 October 1964, signalling the attainment of OCT status by the Netherlands Antilles. Great quiz, but do you have to make everyone type out "island(s)"? This is the second largest of the Netherlands Antilles, and is known for its diving resorts and friendly locals. The official motto is in French. Saba is also an attractive destination for kite-boarders and windsurfers. [22], In December 2007, a Deputy Council for Kingdom Relations was established. The Monarch of the Netherlands is the head of state of the Kingdom. In the XVII C. the French and the Dutch competed for the island, but instead of fighting a battle, they divided it. [9] In practice, however, most of the Kingdom's affairs are administered by the Netherlands—which comprises roughly 98% of the Kingdom's land area and population—on behalf of the entire Kingdom. The overseas territories use their own currencies. According to Article 7 of the Charter, the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands complemented by one Minister Plenipotentiary of Aruba, one Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao, and one Minister Plenipotentiary of Sint Maarten. In 1969, an unorganised strike on the Antillean island of Curaçao resulted in serious disturbances and looting, during which a part of the historic city centre of Willemstad was destroyed by fire. The second paragraph of that article specifies that if an overseas country of the Kingdom so requests, the Kingdom Act should provide for an additional court member from that country. Article 3 of the Charter specifies the Affairs of the Kingdom: One additional Kingdom affair is specified in article 43(2): Paragraph 2 of Article 3 specifies that "other matters may be declared to be Kingdom affairs in consultation". They worked for the Dutch East India Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or VOC) in its territories along the Indian Ocean, stretching from present-day South Africa to Sri Lanka, Japan, Taiwan, and Indonesia. Academic Foresights. The BES islands (i.e., Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius) became direct parts of the Netherlands, which is itself the major constituent country of the Kingdom. Order was restored by Dutch marines. The British originally took control of Gibraltar to control shipping and out of the Mediterranean Sea. Changes were proposed in the 7 December 1942 radio speech by Queen Wilhelmina. Gradually its meaning shifted to the West Germanic people they had most contact with, because of their geographical proximity and for the rivalry in trade and overseas territories. Since St. Eustatius was discovered by Columbus in 1493, the island changed its nationality more than twenty times. Sint Maarten is a centralised unitary state, with similar administrative characteristics to Aruba. The Kingdom of the Netherlands (Dutch: Koninkrijk der Nederlanden; pronounced [ˈkoːnɪŋkrɛiɡ dɛr ˈneːdərlɑndə(n)] (listen)),[g] commonly known as the Netherlands,[h] is a country and constitutional monarchy with the large majority of its territory in Western Europe and with several small West Indian island territories in the Caribbean (in the Leeward Islands and Leeward Antilles groups). This was often deemed a democratic deficit of the Kingdom, leading to the adoption of an amendment to the Charter, which entered into force on 10 October 2010. The special municipalities of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba (referred to as Caribbean Netherlands or BES islands) are part of the Netherlands proper but are not part of any province. The provisions in the Charter for some of these institutions are additional and are applicable only for those affairs of the Kingdom, as described in the Charter, when they affect Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten directly. Festive treats. The slaves from Ghana were taken through the Elmina Castle and sold to the Americans and Europeans. While Aruba is a part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, it maintains own laws, constitution, government, and currency. You can read more about it here. These overseas territories have enabled France to be in a significant control of more maritime resources hence boosting its economic status. The most popular are ABC islands (for Aruba, Bonaire and Curacao). Is a popular tourist destination featuring renowned and luxurious hotel resorts. However republicans themselves where divided between colonial paternalism or full independence. [38], The Netherlands has proposed to conducted a study on the BES islands acquiring the European Union status of Outermost Regions (OMR), also called Ultra Peripheral Regions (UPR). At that point, Luxembourg became a fully independent country in a personal union with the Netherlands. [37] The reform took effect on 10 October 2010. Explain the role of European monopoly companies on the development of overseas territories. On 11 October and 2 November 2006, agreements were signed between the Dutch government and the governments of each island that would put into effect the commission's findings by 15 December 2008. However, they were trying to be independent from Spain. Dutch Overseas Territories. The Netherlands has the euro as its currency, except in the special municipalities of the Caribbean Netherlands (BES islands), where the Netherlands Antillean guilder was replaced by the U.S. dollar in 2011.[17]. The Antilles have been dissolved. The Article further stipulates that when a drastic amendment of the existing legislation in regard to these matters is proposed, the proposal shall not be submitted to or considered by a representative assembly until the Governments in the other countries have had the opportunity to express their views on the matter. Consequently, Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten are dependent on the Netherlands for matters like foreign policy and defence, but are autonomous to a certain degree, with their own parliaments. Other states also have multiple territories, but such territories are distinct. Two legal instruments are available at the Kingdom level: the Kingdom act (Dutch: Rijkswet) and the Order-in-Council for the Kingdom (Dutch: Algemene maatregel van Rijksbestuur). It is now a popular tourist destination, transport center and the seat of three universities. Danske kolonier . ", in: eur-lex.europa.eu –, "The Netherlands also includes 6 overseas countries and territories in the Caribbean. Its capital Willemstad was established by the Dutch West India Company in 1643. mi), while a larger French part, called promptly Saint Martin was at the South. The Portuguese and Spanish Empires (Part I, 16th-17th centuries) Following the Great Discoveries at the end of the 15th century – in particular the discovery of America and the opening up of sea routes between Europe and the East Indies – Portugal and Spain established trading networks which contributed to the creation of the first global economy. The biggest settlement is Kralendijk, the island's capital. Goods in free circulation coming from these territories are subject to the import VAT of the EU country they arrive in. Its administration consists of the Governor, who represents the Monarch, and the (Aruban) Council of Ministers, headed by a Prime Minister. [21] Aruba is currently exercising this right. Trouvez les Dutch Saint Martin images et les photos d’actualités parfaites sur Getty Images. [21] To date, neither Aruba, Curaçao, nor Sint Maarten has used this right. The Netherlands is ruled by the provisions and institutions of the Constitution for the Kingdom of the Netherlands that also constitutes and regulates the institutions of the Kingdom that are mentioned in the Charter. [10] The new King of the Netherlands was also made Grand Duke of Luxembourg, a part of the Kingdom that was, at the same time, a member state of the German Confederation. Overseas territories of the Netherlands. The overseas France accounts for 96.7% the republic’s economic exclusive zone. Level 54. [22] This has not always been the case; the Netherlands Antilles had no member until 1987 and Aruba had none until 2000. In Dutch practice, however, "Kingdom of the Netherlands" is shortened to "Kingdom" and not to "Netherlands", as the latter name could be confused with the Kingdom's principal constituent country rather than with the Kingdom in its Charter capacity. [by whom?] Overview Map. Article 26 specifies that when Aruba, Curaçao, or Sint Maarten communicate their wish for the conclusion of an international economic or financial agreement that applies solely to the country concerned, the Government of the Kingdom shall assist in the conclusion of such an agreement, unless this would be inconsistent with the country's ties with the Kingdom. These territories are not officially a part of the UK, as most are self-governing (but they do remain under its jurisdiction). Danish overseas colonies and Dano-Norwegian colonies (Danish: Danmark-Norges kolonier) are the colonies that Denmark–Norway (Denmark after 1814) possessed from 1536 until 1953. Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten do not have this right. www.amsterdam.info 1568-1584 William of Orange. Saint-Martin is a French overseas collective that constitutes the northern half of the island of Saint Martin, which it shares with the Dutch territory of Sint Maarten. Three other Caribbean islands (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba) are special municipalities within the country of the Netherlands. The Kingdom's federal characteristics include the delineation of Kingdom affairs in the Charter, the enumeration of the constituting parts of the Kingdom in the Charter, the fact that the Charter subordinates the law of the constituting countries to the law of the Kingdom, the establishment of Kingdom institutions in the Charter, and the fact that the Kingdom has its own legislative instruments: the Kingdom act and the Order-in-Council for the Kingdom. At the United Nations, for example, the Kingdom is identified in the General Assembly by its English short-form name "Netherlands", whereas the English long-form name "Kingdom of the Netherlands" may be used in place of the name "Netherlands" in formal UN documentation. However, these territories are not part of the European Union.[36]. Understand Flag ... Map of former territories of the Netherlands. The inhabitants of the Netherlands are known as the Dutch. It consists of roughly the southern half of the divided island of Saint Martin. Danish overseas colonies and Dano-Norwegian colonies (Danish: Danmark-Norges kolonier) are the colonies that Denmark–Norway (Denmark after 1814) possessed from 1536 until 1953. Kingdom in Western Europe and the Caribbean, This article is about the sovereign state. Unlike other British overseas territories, their inhabitants (who are entitled to British Overseas Territories Citizenship) have never been entitled to British citizenship. This website uses cookies. Article 25 gives Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten the opportunity to opt out from an international treaty or agreement. Sint Maarten was an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of the Netherlands ruled by a governor. A Dutch name of Saint Eustace who is the patron of this small island of only 21 square kilometers (8.1 sq mi). Jump to navigation Jump to search. 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